Kwararru sun ce yana yiwuwa a sami manyan hotuna tare da wayar hannu, muddin kun san yadda ake samu. Shi ya sa za mu fara da wannan ƙaramin jerin kasidu guda uku waɗanda a ciki za mu yi bayanin abubuwa uku masu muhimmanci a cikin abin da muke kira fallasa a cikin hoto, kuma waɗanda ke ƙayyade kusan komai idan ana batun samun hoto mai kyau. Bari mu fara da magana game da Shutter Speed.
1.- Manual controls
Abu na farko kuma mai mahimmanci shine cewa wayoyinmu suna ba mu damar yin amfani da waɗannan saitunan, manyan guda uku, na saurin Shutter, ISO, da buɗewar Iris. Idan haka ne, yana yiwuwa sosai aikace-aikacen da ya haɗa da wayar hannu a matsayin misali ya riga ya ba mu damar canza waɗannan saitunan. Don yin wannan, ee, yana da yuwuwar dole ne mu kunna yanayin kyamarar da hannu.
2.- Menene saurin rufewa?
Lokacin ɗaukar hoto, akwai abin rufewa wanda ke buɗewa, ba da haske ta hanyar firikwensin, kuma yana rufewa. Akwai saurin rufewa wanda ke tantance tsawon lokacin da na'urar zata bude, sabili da haka, tsawon lokacin da firikwensin zai dauki haske, ko kuma zai dauki hoton da ke gabanmu. Babu shakka, tare da tsawon lokacin rufewa, muna kuma samun ƙarin hoto mai haske, ko tare da ƙarin haske.
3.- Yaya ake auna saurin rufewa?
Koyaya, don sanin ainihin saurin rufewar da zaku yi amfani da shi, kuna buƙatar sanin yadda galibi ana bayyana wannan saitin. Yawanci kashi ne na daƙiƙa. Wani lokaci yana iya zama daƙiƙa ɗaya, ko ma ya fi tsayi, amma za mu gan shi a matsayin ɗan juzu'in daƙiƙa. Wannan yana nufin cewa koyaushe muna ganin wani abu irin wannan: «1/125», «1/250», wanda bai wuce «daƙiƙa ɗaya ba, raba ta 250». Girman lamba na biyu, mafi guntu lokacin rufewa.
4.- Yadda ake amfani da saurin rufewa a cikin hotunanku?
Tabbas, yanzu abu mai mahimmanci ya zo, kuma shine sanin menene wannan saurin rufewa da ƙimarsa daban-daban.
Gudun rufewa a hankali, ko tsayi sosai: A ce za mu saita matakin saurin rufewa mai tsayi, kamar "1/20". Wannan yana nufin cewa rufewa zai kasance a buɗe na dogon lokaci. Zai kama haske mai yawa. Wannan cikakke ne a cikin ƙananan haske, ko da dare, lokacin da wayar tafi da gidanka ta daina ɗaukar isasshen haske. Amma kuma akwai matsala game da wannan. Idan wani abu ya motsa a gaba, ko kuma muka motsa wayar hannu, za a kama motsi, kuma hoton "shaky" ko girgiza zai bayyana. Wannan yana nufin cewa tare da saurin gudu, za mu buƙaci tripod. Yaya sauri za mu iya harbi ba tare da buƙatar tripod ba? Gwada da wayar hannu don ganowa.
Gudun rufewa mai sauri, ko gajere sosai: Amma kuma yana iya zama da amfani don amfani da saurin rufewa, ko gajere sosai. Misali, "1/1000". Me za mu so mu yi amfani da irin wannan saurin rufewa? Mun riga mun faɗi cewa matsalar da ke sama ita ce an motsa abubuwan da ke cikin hoton. Idan abin da muke so shi ne mu daskare abubuwa a cikin hoton da ke motsi, irin su dabbar dabba, ko irin su kananan yara masu gudu, muna bukatar mu yi harbi da sauri. Bugu da ƙari, gwada kyamarar ku don gano matakan da suka dace zai fi kyau.
Menene duk wannan?
Bayyanawa a cikin hoto shine komai. Ana iya cewa shine abin da ke ƙayyade matakin hasken da muke ɗaukar hoto da shi. Kuma saurin rufewa, ISO da buɗaɗɗen buɗaɗɗen yana tasiri. Mun riga mun yi magana game da kashi na farko, kuma a cikin wannan makon za mu yi magana game da sauran biyun. Abubuwa ne da suka shahara a cikin daukar hoto. Kowace kamara tana ba mu zaɓi na amfani da waɗannan saitunan daban-daban, amma ba haka lamarin yake a wayoyin hannu ba sai kwanan nan. Yanzu da muke da waɗannan zaɓuɓɓuka, yana da kyau mu san mene ne kowane ɗayan waɗannan abubuwan, da yadda ake amfani da su, da kuma ganin yadda suke shafar hotunanmu a kowane hali.
