Iingcali zithi kunokwenzeka ukuba ufumane iifoto eziphezulu kunye ne-smartphone, ukuba nje uyazi ukuba ungayifumana njani. Yiyo loo nto siza kuqala ngolu ngcelele luncinci lwamanqaku amathathu apho siza kuchaza izinto ezintathu ezibalulekileyo kwinto esiyibiza ngokuba kukuvezwa kwifoto, kwaye oko kumisela phantse yonke into xa kufikwa ekufumaneni ifoto elungileyo. Masiqale ngokuthetha ngesantya sokuvala.
1.- Ulawulo lwezandla
Into yokuqala nebalulekileyo kukuba i-smartphone yethu isinika ukufikelela kwezi setingi, ezona zintathu ziphambili, ezo zesantya sokuShutha, i-ISO, kunye ne-Aperture. Ukuba kunjalo, kunokwenzeka ukuba isicelo esibandakanya i-smartphone njengomgangatho sele isivumela ukuba siguqule ezi seto. Ukwenza oku, ewe, kunokwenzeka ukuba kufuneka sisebenze imowudi yekhamera yekhamera.
2.- Yintoni isantya sokuvala?
Xa uthatha umfanekiso, kukho ishutha evulayo, ivumela ukukhanya kudlule kwinzwa, kwaye ivale. Kukho isantya se-shutter esichaza ukuba i-shutter izakuvuleka ixesha elingakanani, kwaye ngoko ke, i-sensor izakuthatha ixesha elingakanani ukukhanya, okanye izakubamba umfanekiso ophambi kwethu. Ngokucacileyo, kunye nexesha elide lokuvala, sikwafumana ifoto ecacileyo, okanye ngokukhanya okungakumbi.
3.- Isantya se-shutter silinganiswa njani?
Nangona kunjalo, ukuze wazi kakuhle ukuba yeyiphi isantya sokuvala oza kusisebenzisa, kufuneka wazi ukuba olu seto ludla ngokubonakaliswa njani. Ngokuqhelekileyo liqhezu lesekondi. Ngamanye amaxesha inokuba ngumzuzwana, okanye ixesha elide, kodwa siya kuyibona njengeqhezu lomzuzwana. Oko kuthetha ukuba sihlala sibona into yolu hlobo: «1/125», «1/250», okungekho nto ngaphezu kwe-"yesibini enye, yahlulwe ngama-250". Inani lesibini likhulu, ixesha lokuvala lifutshane.
4.- Indlela yokusebenzisa isantya sokuvala kwiifoto zakho?
Ewe, ngoku kuza into ebalulekileyo, kwaye kukwazi ukuba isantya se-shutter kunye neenqobo zayo ezahlukeneyo zezantoni.
Isantya sesivalo esicothayo, okanye side kakhulu: Masithi siza kuseka inqanaba lesantya lesivalo elide kakhulu, elifana ne "1/20". Oku kuthetha ukuba i-shutter iya kuvuleka ixesha elide. Kuya kubamba ukukhanya okukhulu. Oku kugqibelele kwiimeko zokukhanya okuphantsi, okanye ebusuku, xa iselula ingasayi kubamba ukukhanya okwaneleyo. Kodwa kukwakho ingxaki kule nto. Ukuba kukho into ehamba phambili, okanye sihambisa iselula, intshukumo iya kubanjwa, kwaye "ifoto eshukumayo" okanye eshukumayo iya kuvela. Oko kuthetha ukuba ngezantya ezicothayo kakhulu, siya kufuna i-tripod. Sinokukhawuleza kangakanani ukudubula ngaphandle kokufuna i-tripod? Zama ngeselfowuni yakho ukuze ufumanise.
Isantya se-shutter esikhawulezayo, okanye sifutshane kakhulu: Kodwa kunokuba luncedo ukusebenzisa isantya sokuvala esikhawulezayo, okanye sifutshane kakhulu. Umzekelo, "1/1000". Yintoni esinokufuna ukuyisebenzisela olu hlobo lwesantya sesivalo? Sele sitshilo ukuba ingxaki ngoku ngasentla kukuba izinto zefoto ziyashukunyiswa. Ukuba into esiyifunayo kukukhenkceza izinto ezikwifoto eshukumayo, njengesilwanyana sasekhaya, okanye njengabantwana abancinci ababalekayo, kufuneka sidubule ngokukhawuleza okukhulu. Kwakhona, ukuzama ikhamera yakho ukufumanisa ukuba ngawaphi amanqanaba afanelekileyo kuya kuba ngcono.
Iyintoni yonke le nto?
Ukuvezwa kwifoto yinto yonke. Kunokuthiwa yiyona nto imisela inqanaba lokukhanya esithatha ngalo ifoto. Kwaye ukuvezwa kuphenjelelwa sisantya se-shutter, i-ISO kunye nokuvula. Sele sithethile ngenqaku lokuqala, kwaye kuyo yonke le veki siza kuthetha ngezinye ezimbini. Zizinto ezaziwa kakhulu kwiifoto. Nayiphi na ikhamera isinika ithuba lokusebenzisa ezi zicwangciso zahlukeneyo, kodwa oku bekungenjalo ngeeselfowuni kude kube kumaxesha akutshanje. Ngoku sinazo ezi ndlela zokhetho, kulungile ukwazi ukuba yintoni nganye kwezi zinto, kwaye zisetyenziswa njani, kunye nokubona ukuba zichaphazela njani iifoto zethu kwimeko nganye.
