Ukuba kumanqaku amabini okuqala kolu ngcelele sithethe ngendlela esinokuyiphucula ngayo ukufota kwethu kwaye sithathe iifoto njengengcali yobuchule obunento yokwenza nesantya sokuvala kunye nobuntununtunu be-ISO, ngoku siza kuthetha malunga nokuvula, into esiya kuba nayo. ukwazi ngokugqibeleleyo ukwazi ukuba ichaphazela njani iifoto zethu kunye nendlela yokuyisebenzisa.
Ukuthatha iifoto ngoseto lwezandla
Into yokuqala ekufuneka uyazi ukuba uqale ukusebenza nge-diaphragm aperture kukuba luhlengahlengiso esingenakufikelela kulo kuzo zonke iiselfowuni. Kwaye kuphela kwezinye iimeko siya kukwazi ukuguqula i-diaphragm aperture ukuba sinikwe ithuba lokufikelela uhlengahlengiso lwezandla. Kwezinye iiselfowuni sinokuba nokufikelela ukwenza olu tshintsho, kodwa kuphela ngesicelo sekhamera esahlukileyo kuleyo yasekuqaleni. Nokuba yeyiphi na indlela, kuya kufuneka wazi ukuba olu seto lusenokungafumaneki kwiselula yakho.
Ukuvula
I-Aperture ligama lenye yezinto ezintathu eziphambili esinokulawula ngazo ukuvezwa kokukhanya ukusuka kwinzwa yekhamera yethu. Besele sitshilo ukuba ukukhanya sisitshixo sayo nayiphi na ifoto, ke le yenye into ekufuneka ithathelwe ingqalelo, phakathi kwezo zithathu, xa ufota ifoto. Kule meko, i-aperture, njengoko igama layo libonisa, ifanelekile kuba inquma ukuba ukukhanya kungakanani ukufikelela kwinzwa. I-aperture enkulu ithetha ukukhanya okungaphezulu ukufikelela kwi-sensor, ngelixa i-aperture esezantsi ibonisa ukukhanya okuncinci ukufikelela kwi-sensor.
Ungawubona njani umngxuma ongaphakathi kwikhamera yethu?
Ngoku, ukuba awuhambelani nale migaqo, uya kuhlala ungaphantsi kunye nezikhombisi ezisetyenziselwa ukuvulwa. Ngokukodwa, uya kubona indawo yokuvula evezwe njenge f / 1.8, f / 2,2, f / 8… Oku kusenokwenzeka ukuba awuqhelekanga kuwe, kodwa le yindlela i-diaphragm aperture yekhamera nganye ebonakaliswa ngayo. Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku kulungile, ingxaki kukuba la manani akakho intuitive ekuqaleni. Omnye unokucinga ukuba i-f / 8 yi-aperture ephezulu kune-f / 1.8, kodwa okuchaseneyo kuyinyaniso. Gcina ukhumbule ukuba i-f / 1 ithathwa njenge-aperture epheleleyo, ngoko ke inani elikhulu, lincinci i-diaphragm aperture. Oko kuthetha ukuba nge-f / 1 inzwa iyakube ibamba konke ukukhanya. Iifowuni eziphathwayo azinayo f / 1. Enyanisweni, ayiqhelekanga nakwiikhamera eziphezulu ezineelensi eziqhelekileyo. Nangona kunjalo, sinokubona f / 2.8, okanye f / 2.2 kwi-smartphone. Ezi ziya kuba yimibhobho ephezulu, ezo ziya kubamba ukukhanya okukhulu, ngelixa i-f / 8 iya kuba yi-aperture ephantsi, kwaye iya kubamba ukukhanya okuncinci.
Indlela yokukhetha ukuvula?
Ukukhetha indawo efanelekileyo yokuvula ikhamera yakho, kufuneka ugcine izinto ezimbalwa engqondweni. Into ephambili kukwazi ukuba i-aperture ichaphazela njani iifoto ozithathayo. Sele sitshilo ukuba i-aperture enkulu yenza ukuba ikhamera ibambe ukukhanya ngakumbi. Kwaye kunjalo. Nangona kunjalo, indawo enkulu yokuvula iphinde inciphise ubunzulu bebala. Oku kusenza sikhethe indawo ekugxilwe kuyo, kwaye izinto ezikude kuyo zibonakala zingajoliswanga ngakumbi. Ukuba siza kufota imbonakalo-mhlaba, sifuna ukuba yonke into ibonakale igxile. Ngenxa yesi sizathu, sifuna i-diaphragm encinci yokuvula, njenge-f / 8, umzekelo. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba siza kufota umntu, umzobo, into esiyifunayo kukuba imvelaphi ibonakale ngaphandle kokugxila ukuze umxholo ophambili ube ngumlinganiswa. Kule nto kuya kufuneka sikhethe i-aperture enkulu, efana ne-f / 2.2.
Dibanisa oku kunye nezinye izinto
Nangona kunjalo, undoqo kukukhetha indawo yokuvula esekwe kwezinye izinto ezimbini, ubuntununtunu be-ISO kunye nesantya sokuvala. Ukuba sifuna isantya esiphezulu se-shutter ukuze sibambe iintshukumo, ngoko kuya kuba yi-diaphragm aperture esiya kubingelela ukuze sifezekise umgangatho wokukhanya esikufunayo.