Xa kuthelekiswa nezinye iindlela ezimbalwa esizifumana kwezinye iinkqubo zokusebenza, enye yeenzuzo ezinkulu ezinikezelayo Android kukuba yinkqubo yekhowudi 'ivuliwe'. Itshatisa nasiphi na esinye isixhobo -kunye nezo zedesktop- kwicandelo eliphambili, eliyi bootloader. Ukuguqulelwa kwayo kwisiSpanish, ngokwenene, i-bootloader. Kwaye umsebenzi wayo ngokuchanekileyo kukuqhuba imisebenzi ebalulekileyo ye iboot yesixhobo, nangaphambi kokuba inkqubo yokusebenza ye-Android ye-smartphone yethu ingene.
Yintoni i-bootloader kwiselula ye-Android?
El bootloader, okanye i-bootloader, liqhekeza elibalulekileyo lesoftware kuso nasiphi na isixhobo. Oku kuqalisa phambi kokulayisha inkqubo yokusebenza, apho iphumeza uthotho lwe pruebas kunye nokuhlolwa kwezempilo ukuqinisekisa ukuba yonke into isebenza kakuhle. Ukongeza, yiyo eqala imiyalelo yokuqalisa ngokwayo ngaphambi kokuqalisa ezinye iiodolo. Ngokwesiseko, kwimeko yokuqala ijonga imeko yesixhobo kwaye, kwimeko yesibini, isebenza njengesikhokelo ukuphosa iintshukumo eziyimfuneko ukuze isixhobo siqalise ngokuchanekileyo.
Kanye njengokuba xa uqala isixhobo ucofa iqhosha lokuvula okanye lokuvala, i-bootloader inoxanduva lokusungula inkqubo yokusebenza. Isikrini sokuqala 'sokwamkela', apho sinokubona umenzi kunye nemodeli yesixhobo sethu, sisungulwa yiyo. Kwelinye icala, ukujonga ingqibelelo ye-boot kunye nezahlulo zokubuyisela kwakhona ngumcimbi wale software. Kunjalo ke ukuqhuba i-kernel kwaye ngokuqinisekileyo iqalisa inkqubo yokusebenza.
Yintoni ukusetyenziswa kokuvula i-bootloader kwi-Android?
El bootloader yesixhobo, ngokungagqibekanga, iqwalaselwe ukulayisha kuphela iifayile zesixokelelwano kwindlela ethile kwaye inqande ukuphunyezwa kweefayile zokuqalisa zomntu wesithathu. I ukuvula i-bootloader iyasivumela ngokuchanekileyo oku, guqula kancinane umendo wophumezo lokuqala kwaye ubavumele ukuba balayishe Iifayile eziguqulweyo yenkqubo. Kodwa kuchazwe ngamagama alula, into eya kusivumela kukuba faka ukubuyiswa kwesiko, eyimenu yokubuyisela yesiko, okanye a isiko ROM.
Un ukubuyiswa kwesiko nguye ovumela i ezibengezelayo iifayile kugcino lwesixokelelwano. Nokuba ukuguqulwa kwe kernel. Kwaye enye ROM yesiko yinto nje firmware ilungiswe ngokusekelwe kuguqulelo oluthile lwenkqubo yokusebenza ye-Android.
Oku kunokuba luncedo kakhulu kwizixhobo brand ezifana Huawei, kuba ezi azibandakanyi iinkonzo okanye iGoogle Play Store ngokuzenzekelayo. Ngokwenza oku, sinokwenza ukuba ivenkile ikwazi ukufikelela kuzo zonke izicelo kunye nemidlalo enikezelayo, nangona uphawu lwaseTshayina alucwangcisi ukuvula i-Bootloader. Enye indlela inokufumaneka kufakelo lwe IiROM zomntu wesithathu, ezizezinye iinguqulelo ezingaphuhliswanga nguGoogle okanye ziimpawu zezixhobo. Umzekelo, ezo ziselfowuni ezingenako ukuhlaziya inkqubo yazo yokusebenza ngesigqibo somenzi ziya kuba nako, zikwazi ukufaka iinguqulelo zamva.
Izibonelelo ezinikezelwa yiBootloader zininzi: ukusuka ekufakeni i-a uhlaziyo lwe-android ngokungekho semthethweni, de kufakelwe uguqulelo olulungisiweyo lwe-firmware ukuze ube ne ngakumbi ulwenziwo yesixhobo kwinqanaba lesoftware kwaye sitshintshe inkangeleko ngokuthanda kwethu. Nkqu nokuguqula ukuziphatha kwe hardware ngabaqhubi abahlaziyiweyo ngakumbi, okanye ilungiselelwe liqela lesithathu. Nangona kunjalo, vula i-bootloader Ikwanomngcipheko obalulekileyo malunga nokhuseleko lwesixhobo sethu, kuba i-malware inokuba namandla 'okuhlasela' ngakumbi kwinkumbulo yayo.
Uyivula njani i-bootloader kwiselula ye-Android
Ngaphandle kwalo lonke olu lwazi siluphakamisile malunga nokuvula i-bootloader kunye nokhetho olunikezelayo kwisixhobo sethu, kufuneka sithathele ingqalelo izinto ezininzi ngaphambi kokuthatha inyathelo. Kwaye kukuba xa uqhuba inkqubo yokuvula, oku kunokwahluka ngokuxhomekeke kwi-brand ye-terminal, imodeli, umaleko wokwenza ngokwezifiso kunye neprosesa eyinyukayo, ngoko kufuneka siqiniseke ngayo yonke into. Ukuthathela ingqalelo konke oku, ngoku sinokuqhubeka nokuvula i-bootloader kwisixhobo. Kule nto, kwaye ngokwemiqathango ngokubanzi, amanyathelo alandelayo alandelayo:
- Kwiselfowuni yakho, yiya kuseto lwenkqubo kwaye ujonge icandelo "Ulwazi Ngecebo".
- Xa ulapho, cofa izihlandlo ezininzi kwicandelo "Yakha inombolo" kude kuvele umyalezo ochaza ukuba uyivulile ifayile iinketho zophuhliso.
- Buyela emva kwesikrini sangaphambili, kwaye ngoku ufikelele kuKhetho loPhuhlisi / iinketho zoPhuhlisi imenyu.
- Emva koko fumana kwaye uvule ukhetho "OEM Ukuvula".
- Ngoku khangela kwaye uvule ukhetho "Ukususa iibhagi kwi-USB".
- Nje ukuba uyenzile oku, qhagamshela isixhobo kwikhompyuter ngentambo ye-USB, kwaye uvule ifestile yomyalelo-ADB okanye iTheminali, ngokuxhomekeke kwi-OS oyisebenzisayo-.
- Ukujonga ukuba abaqhubi be-ADB bafakwe ngokuchanekileyo, kwaye isixhobo sifunyenwe ngokuchanekileyo, faka umyalelo zixhobo. Ukuba isixhobo sifunyenwe, isazisi saso siya kuvela kwifestile yomyalelo.
- Ukuphinda uqalise ifowuni kwimowudi yokuqalisa, sebenzisa umyalelo I-adb iqalisa ukuvula i-bootloader.
- Ekugqibeleni, ukuvula i-bootloader, sebenzisa umyalelo i-fastboot oem yokuvula.
Kuthekani ukuba ndine-bootloader evuliweyo okanye engatshixwanga?
Inqaku lokuqala ekufuneka lithathelwe ingqalelo ukuba i-bootloader ilungisiwe kukuba, ngaphandle kweemeko ezimbalwa, iwaranti yesixhobo ilahleka ngoko nangoko, njengoko oku kukuguqulwa okunzulu kwisofthiwe kwaye ayigunyaziswanga ziimpawu. Ngapha koko, ezinye iiterminal zineendlela zokhuseleko ukuze, nokuba sivala i-bootloader kwakhona, irekhodi ihleli ukuba yayivulwe ngaphambili, kwaye ngale datha kuya kufaneleka ukuba ungaboneleli ngesiqinisekiso.
Kwelinye icala, xa sivula i-bootloader, ifowuni ifomathwe ngokupheleleyonjengotshintsho olubalulekileyo lwenziwa kwindlela isixhobo esiphatha ngayo ukuqala. Ngamafutshane, ukuba sifuna ukwenza ngokwezifiso ngokupheleleyo isixhobo sethu, ukuvula i-bootloader kuyindlela elungileyo. Ngokuchasene noko, ukuba sifuna ukusebenzisa isoftware yokuqala kwaye singathathi umngcipheko, kungcono ukuyishiya ivaliwe.